Image credits and licences

Every figure on Zodiac Quill is captioned in place with its author and licence, and this page collects the same information with full source links. Images are hosted here as resized copies (including WebP derivatives for faster loading); the licences below apply to the underlying works.

The twelve constellation cards (1825)

The illustration on each sign page is a plate from Urania’s Mirror; or, a view of the Heavens, a set of 32 constellation cards published in London by Samuel Leigh in 1825. The set is traditionally credited to the engraver Sidney Hall. Works published in 1825 are in the public domain worldwide. Reference pages: Urania’s Mirror and the scanned plates catalogued in the Wikimedia Commons category.

File	Used on	Description	Author & licence
Aries.jpg	Aries sign page	The Aries plate from Urania’s Mirror, a set of constellation cards published in London in 1825. Printed caption on the Aries plate reads “Aries and Musca Borealis” with “Sid. Hall sculp.”.	Engraved by Sidney Hall (attribution traditionally given; some librarians have suggested the cards were drawn by another hand). Public domain — published 1825. Reference: Urania’s Mirror; scanned copies catalogued in the Wikimedia Commons category.
Taurus.jpg	Taurus sign page	The Taurus plate from Urania’s Mirror, a set of constellation cards published in London in 1825. Printed caption on the Aries plate reads “Aries and Musca Borealis” with “Sid. Hall sculp.”.	Engraved by Sidney Hall (attribution traditionally given; some librarians have suggested the cards were drawn by another hand). Public domain — published 1825. Reference: Urania’s Mirror; scanned copies catalogued in the Wikimedia Commons category.
Gemini.jpg	Gemini sign page	The Gemini plate from Urania’s Mirror, a set of constellation cards published in London in 1825. Printed caption on the Aries plate reads “Aries and Musca Borealis” with “Sid. Hall sculp.”.	Engraved by Sidney Hall (attribution traditionally given; some librarians have suggested the cards were drawn by another hand). Public domain — published 1825. Reference: Urania’s Mirror; scanned copies catalogued in the Wikimedia Commons category.
Cancer.jpg	Cancer sign page	The Cancer plate from Urania’s Mirror, a set of constellation cards published in London in 1825. Printed caption on the Aries plate reads “Aries and Musca Borealis” with “Sid. Hall sculp.”.	Engraved by Sidney Hall (attribution traditionally given; some librarians have suggested the cards were drawn by another hand). Public domain — published 1825. Reference: Urania’s Mirror; scanned copies catalogued in the Wikimedia Commons category.
Leo.jpg	Leo sign page	The Leo plate from Urania’s Mirror, a set of constellation cards published in London in 1825. Printed caption on the Aries plate reads “Aries and Musca Borealis” with “Sid. Hall sculp.”.	Engraved by Sidney Hall (attribution traditionally given; some librarians have suggested the cards were drawn by another hand). Public domain — published 1825. Reference: Urania’s Mirror; scanned copies catalogued in the Wikimedia Commons category.
Virgo.jpg	Virgo sign page	The Virgo plate from Urania’s Mirror, a set of constellation cards published in London in 1825. Printed caption on the Aries plate reads “Aries and Musca Borealis” with “Sid. Hall sculp.”.	Engraved by Sidney Hall (attribution traditionally given; some librarians have suggested the cards were drawn by another hand). Public domain — published 1825. Reference: Urania’s Mirror; scanned copies catalogued in the Wikimedia Commons category.
Libra.jpg	Libra sign page	The Libra plate from Urania’s Mirror, a set of constellation cards published in London in 1825. Printed caption on the Aries plate reads “Aries and Musca Borealis” with “Sid. Hall sculp.”.	Engraved by Sidney Hall (attribution traditionally given; some librarians have suggested the cards were drawn by another hand). Public domain — published 1825. Reference: Urania’s Mirror; scanned copies catalogued in the Wikimedia Commons category.
Scorpio.jpg	Scorpius sign page	The Scorpius plate from Urania’s Mirror, a set of constellation cards published in London in 1825. Printed caption on the Aries plate reads “Aries and Musca Borealis” with “Sid. Hall sculp.”.	Engraved by Sidney Hall (attribution traditionally given; some librarians have suggested the cards were drawn by another hand). Public domain — published 1825. Reference: Urania’s Mirror; scanned copies catalogued in the Wikimedia Commons category.
Sagittarius.jpg	Sagittarius sign page	The Sagittarius plate from Urania’s Mirror, a set of constellation cards published in London in 1825. Printed caption on the Aries plate reads “Aries and Musca Borealis” with “Sid. Hall sculp.”.	Engraved by Sidney Hall (attribution traditionally given; some librarians have suggested the cards were drawn by another hand). Public domain — published 1825. Reference: Urania’s Mirror; scanned copies catalogued in the Wikimedia Commons category.
Capricorn.jpg	Capricornus sign page	The Capricornus plate from Urania’s Mirror, a set of constellation cards published in London in 1825. Printed caption on the Aries plate reads “Aries and Musca Borealis” with “Sid. Hall sculp.”.	Engraved by Sidney Hall (attribution traditionally given; some librarians have suggested the cards were drawn by another hand). Public domain — published 1825. Reference: Urania’s Mirror; scanned copies catalogued in the Wikimedia Commons category.
Aquarius.jpg	Aquarius sign page	The Aquarius plate from Urania’s Mirror, a set of constellation cards published in London in 1825. Printed caption on the Aries plate reads “Aries and Musca Borealis” with “Sid. Hall sculp.”.	Engraved by Sidney Hall (attribution traditionally given; some librarians have suggested the cards were drawn by another hand). Public domain — published 1825. Reference: Urania’s Mirror; scanned copies catalogued in the Wikimedia Commons category.
Pisces.jpg	Pisces sign page	The Pisces plate from Urania’s Mirror, a set of constellation cards published in London in 1825. Printed caption on the Aries plate reads “Aries and Musca Borealis” with “Sid. Hall sculp.”.	Engraved by Sidney Hall (attribution traditionally given; some librarians have suggested the cards were drawn by another hand). Public domain — published 1825. Reference: Urania’s Mirror; scanned copies catalogued in the Wikimedia Commons category.

Historical celestial map (1687)

File	Used on	Description	Author & licence
celestial-map.jpg	Home, Birth Chart	Planisfero del Globo Celeste — a double-hemisphere celestial planisphere printed at Rome in 1687, after the astronomer Francesco Brunacci, with allegorical constellation figures and a descriptive text panel.	Seventeenth-century engraving. Public domain — published 1687. Background on the object type: planisphere and celestial cartography.

Modern astronomical photography

File	Used on	Description	Author & licence
hero-observatory.jpg	Home and guide pages	The ESO 3.6-metre telescope at the La Silla Observatory, Chile, photographed at night beneath the arch of the Milky Way (ESO image potw1836a).	ESO / A. Ghizzi Panizza, CC BY 4.0. Source: ESO image page potw1836a.
hero-night-sky.jpg	About	Panoramic photograph of the Milky Way’s bright central band with its dark dust rifts (ESO image eso0932a).	ESO / S. Brunier, CC BY 4.0. Source: ESO image page eso0932a.
moon.jpg	Compatibility and guide pages	Full Moon photographed from Madison, Alabama, USA, in October 2010.	Gregory H. Revera, CC BY-SA 3.0. Source: Wikimedia Commons file page. Phase reference: NASA, the Moon’s phases.

Licence notes in plain language

Public domain works (the 1825 cards and the 1687 planisphere) are free to use for any purpose; no permission is needed, and we credit them as a matter of good practice.

CC BY 4.0 (the two ESO photographs) lets a work be shared and adapted with credit to the author, named exactly as the licence requires: “ESO / A. Ghizzi Panizza” for the La Silla telescope photograph and “ESO / S. Brunier” for the panoramic Milky Way. CC BY-SA 3.0 (the Moon photograph) carries the same credit requirement and additionally asks that adaptations be shared under the same licence; our resized copies are presented for illustration alongside the original file page above.

Questions about any image on this site can be sent to the address on the Contact page. Corrections are handled as described on Editorial Standards.